| SAG Strain Number: | 211-14 |
| TAXONOMY |
| Genus: | Chromochloris |
| Species: | zofingiensis |
| Taxonomic position: | Chlorophyta - Chlorophyceae |
| Authority: | (Dönz) Fucíková et L.A.Lewis |
| Variety: | |
| Formerly called: | Muriella zofingiensis (Dönz) Hindák; authentic strain of Chlorella zofingiensis Dönz |
| Authentic: | yes |
| Division: | Chlorophyta |
| Class: | Chlorophyceae |
| Common name: | Green Algae - Chlorophytes |
| ORIGIN |
| General habitat: | soil |
| Climatic zone: | temperate |
| Continent: | Europe |
| Country: | Switzerland |
| Locality: | soil from Ramooswald near Zofingen, colors trail embankment red-brownish |
| Lat. / Long. (Precision): | 47.282461 / 7.914226 (1000m) View on Google Maps |
| Year: | 1933 |
| Isolated by: | O.C. Dönz |
| Strain number by isolator: | formerly as SAG 211-14a? |
| Deposition by: | E.G. Pringsheim (SAG) |
| Deposition date: | 1954 |
| CULTURE INFORMATION |
| Culture medium: | ESP Ag |
| Axenic: | axenic |
| Strain relatives: | CCAP 211/14; UTEX 32; ATCC 30412; NIES-2175; CAUP H6503; SAG 211-14a (?) |
| Agitation resistance: | not detected |
| Special properties: | NO known Nagoya Protocol restrictions for this strain; Chromosome-level genome assembly and transcriptome available, see Roth et al. 2019 |
| |
| PUBLICATIONS |
| Publication: | Bleisch R. et al. (2025) A robust, non-invasive and fast routine for the quantification of the nutritional composition of microalgae biomass slurries based on near-infrared spectroscopy. Algal Res. 85:103882 |
| Publication: | Corrêa P.s: et al. (2025) High-value compounds in three freshwater green microalgae using nitrogen as an abiotic stressor: A study of the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extracts. Algal Res. 86:103964 |
| Publication: | Ihadjadene Y. et al. (2025) Experimental and model-based parameterization of the fundamental process kinetics of Chromochloris zofingiensis. Algal Res. 88:104012 |
| Publication: | Meng X. et al. (2025) A special lycopene ε-cyclase from Chromochloris zofingiensis ATCC 30412 with multiple catalytic functions. Algal Res. 87 |
| Publication: | Puginier C. et al. (2024) Phylogenomics reveals the evolutionary origins of lichenization in chlorophyte algae. Nat. Comm. 15 (1):4452 |
| Publication: | Wood E.E. et al. (2023) From green to orange: The change in biochemical composition of phototrophic-mixotrophic Chromochloris zofingiensis in pilot-scale photobioreactors. Algal Res. 75:103238 |
| Publication: | Qiu W. et al. (2022) Quantitative Proteomics of Chromochloris zofingiensis Reveals the Key Proteins Involved in Cell Growth and Bioactive Compound Biosynthesis. Plants 11 (14):1851 |
| Publication: | Wood E.E. et al. (2022) Progress towards a targeted biorefinery of Chromochloris zofingiensis: a review. Biomass Conv. Bioref. |
| Publication: | Nelson D.R. et al. (2021) Large-scale genome sequencing reveals the driving forces of viruses in microalgal evolution. Cell Host Microbe 29 (2):250-266 |
| Publication: | Reichelt N. et al. (2021) Epigenomic stability assessment during cryopreservation and physiology among various strains of Chromochloris zofingiensis (Chlorophyceae) and their genetic variability revealed by AFLP and MS-AFLP. J. Appl. Phycol. 33:2327-2340 |
| Publication: | Xu Y. et al. (2021) Evolutionary and biochemical characterization of a Chromochloris zofingiensis MBOAT with wax synthase and diacylglycerol acyltransferase activity. Journal of Experimental Botany :erab236 |
| Publication: | Roth, M.S. et al. (2019) Regulation of Oxygenic Photosynthesis during Trophic Transitions in the Green Alga Chromochloris zofingiensis. Plant Cell 31 (3):579-601 |
| Publication: | Sascha Baer (2018) Screening und Optimierung von Produktionsorganismen für mikroalgenbasierte Bioraffinerieverfahren. |
| Publication: | Suzuki S. et al. (2018) Raphidocelis subcapitata (=Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) provides an insight into genome evolution and environmental adaptations in the Sphaeropleales. Sci. Rep. 8:8058 |
| Publication: | Roth M.S. et al. (2017) Chromosome-level genome assembly and transcriptome of the green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis illuminates astaxanthin production. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 114 (21):E4296-E4305 |
| Publication: | Steudel B. et al. (2016) Contrasting biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in phylogenetic and functional diversity. New Phytologist 212 (2 ): 409-420 |
| Publication: | Taucher J. et al. (2016) Cell Disruption and Pressurized Liquid Extraction of Carotenoids from Microalgae. J. Thermodyn. Catal. 7 (1):1000158 |
| Publication: | Fulnečková J. et al. (2013) A Broad Phylogenetic Survey Unveils the Diversity and Evolution of Telomeres in Eukaryotes. Genome Biology and Evolution 5 (3):468-483 |
| Publication: | Cordero B.F. et al. (2012) Isolation and Characterization of a Lycopene ε-Cyclase Gene of Chlorella (Chromochloris) zofingiensis. Regulation of the Carotenogenic Pathway by Nitrogen and Light. Marine Drugs 10:2069-2088 |
| Publication: | Couso I. et al. (2012) Efficient heterologous transformation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii npq2 mutant with the zeaxanthin epoxidase gene isolated and characterized from Chlorella zofingiensis. Mar Drugs 10 (9):1955-1976 |
| Publication: | Fučíková K. et al. (2012) Revision of the genus Bracteacoccus Tereg (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta) based on a phylogenetic approach. Nova Hedwigia 96 (1-2):15-59 |
| Publication: | Fučíková K. et al. (2012) Intersection of Chlorella, Muriella and Bracteacoccus: Resurrecting the genus Chromochloris Kol et Chodat (Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta). Fottea 12 (1):83-93 |
| Publication: | Steudel B. et al. (2012) Biodiversity effects on ecosystem functioning change along environmental stress gradients. Ecology Letters 15 (12):1397–1405 |
| Publication: | Cordero, B.F. et al. (2011) Enhancement of Lutein Production in Chlorella sorokiniana (Chorophyta) by Improvement of Culture Conditions and Random Mutagenesis. Marine Drugs 9:1607–1624 |
| Publication: | Cordero B.F. et al. (2010) ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A LYCOPENE β-CYCLASE GENE FROM THE ASTAXANTHIN-PRODUCING GREEN ALGA CHLORELLA ZOFINGIENSIS (CHLOROPHYTA). J. Phycol. 46:1229-1238 |
| Publication: | Claudia Grewe (2009) Untersuchungen zur Astaxanthin-Biosynthese in den Grünalgen Scenedesmus sp. und Haematococcus pluvialis. |
| Publication: | Del Campo, J.A. et al. (2004) Accumulation of astaxanthin and lutein in Chlorella zofingiensis (Chlorophyta). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 64:848–854 |
| Publication: | Del Campo, J.A. et al. (2000) Carotenoid content of chlorophycean microalgae: factors determining lutein accumulation in Muriellopsis sp. (Chlorophyta). Journal of Biotechnology 76:51-59 |
| Publication: | Huss, V.A.R. et al. (1999) Biochemical taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of the genus Chlorella sensu lato (Chlorophyta). J. Phycol. 35:587-598 |
| Publication: | Takeda H. (1996) Cell wall sugars of some Scenedesmus species. Phytochemistry 42 (3):673-675 |
| Publication: | Ettl, H. et al. (1995) Syllabus der Boden-, Luft- und Flechtenalgen. |
| Publication: | Kalina T. et al. (1987) Taxonomy of the subfamily Scotiellocystoideae Fott 1976 (Chlorellaceae, Chlorophyceae). Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. (Algol. Stud. 45) 73 (4):473-521 |
| Publication: | Hindàk, F. (1982) Taxonomic position of the chlorococcal alga Chlorella zofingiensis Dönz 1934 (Chlorophyceae) . Algological Studies 30:13-23 |
| Publication: | Kerfin W. et al. (1978) Physiological and biochemical contributions to the taxonomy of the genus Chlorella. IX. DNA-Hybridization. Arch. Hydrobiol. 116:97-103 |
| Publication: | Dönz, O.C. (1934) Chlorella zofingiensis, eine neue Bodenalge. Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 43:127-131 |
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| SEQUENCE INFORMATION |
| Sequencing Project: | PRJNA377789 De novo sequencing and assembly of genome, transcriptome, chloroplast, and mitochondrion, to the level of chromosomes, via combination of short reads, |
| Sequence Accession: | MW075307 Chromochloris zofingiensis strain SAG 211-14 clone 2 small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and large subunit ribosomal RNA gen (2362 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | MW075306 Chromochloris zofingiensis strain SAG 211-14 clone 1 small subunit ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and large subunit ribosomal RNA gen (2362 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HQ902940 Chromochloris zofingiensis culture SAG:211-14 strain SAG 211-14 ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene, partial cds; chloroplast. (1176 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HQ902932 Chromochloris zofingiensis culture SAG:211-14 strain SAG 211-14 elongation factor tu (tufA) gene, partial cds; chloroplast. (849 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HQ902929 Chromochloris zofingiensis culture SAG:211-14 strain SAG 211-14 18S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete sequence; and 26S ribosomal RNA gene, partia (657 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | X74004 18S rRNA gene (1794 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | FR670784 Muriella zofingiensis psy gene for phytoene synthase precursor, exons 1-4, strain SAG 211-14. (3561 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | FR670783 Muriella zofingiensis mRNA for chloroplast phytoene synthase precursor (psy gene), strain SAG 211-14. (2944 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HE664109 Muriella zofingiensis mRNA for chloroplast lycopene epsilon cyclase precursor (lcyE gene), strain SAG 211-14. (2204 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HE664108 Muriella zofingiensis lcyE gene for chloroplast lycopene epsilon cyclase precursor, strain SAG 211-14. (3973 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HE863825 Chlorella zofingiensis mRNA for zeaxanthin epoxidase (zep gene), strain SAG 211-14. (3836 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | HE863826 Chlorella zofingiensis zep gene for zeaxanthin epoxidase, strain SAG 211-14. (5687 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | FN563998 Muriella zofingiensis mRNA for chloroplast lycopene beta cyclase precursor (lcyB gene), strain SAG 211-14. (2131 bp) |
| Sequence Accession: | FN563999 Muriella zofingiensis lcyB gene for chloroplast lycopene beta cyclase precursor, strain SAG 211-14. (3683 bp) |
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| CRYO |
| Cryopreservation: | medium survival |
| TEACHING |
| Recommended for teaching: | no |
